{"id":15678,"date":"2024-05-12T07:38:54","date_gmt":"2024-05-12T07:38:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.eastrovedica.com\/wordpress\/?p=15678"},"modified":"2024-05-12T07:43:40","modified_gmt":"2024-05-12T07:43:40","slug":"15678","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.eastrovedica.com\/wordpress\/?p=15678","title":{"rendered":""},"content":{"rendered":"\n
                                 \n\nCalculus, Kerala's gift to the world \n\n600 years before Newton and Liebniz, the Kerala mathematicians discovered the Calculus, Calculus or Kalana is said to be Kerala's gift to Europe ! This truth was unearthed by Dr C J Joseph and Dr CK  Raju, in their books, the Crest of the Peacock and the Cultural Foundations of Mathematics respectively !\n\nKSAM was founded by Madhava and had illustrious mathematicians like Parameshwara, Neelakanta, Jyeshtadeva, Achyuta Pisharady and the poet Melpathur. When KSAM is combined with Astrology, it becomes KSAMA, the Kerala School of Astronomy, Maths and Astrology.\n\nhindu zodiac,guruvayur4u,guruvayur,kerala astrology,school of kerala astronomy and mathematicshindu zodiac,guruvayur4u,guruvayur,kerala astrology,school of kerala astronomy and mathematics\n\nIn the realm of Astrology, Kerala's gift was the satellite Gulika. Horary Astrology was well developed by the Kerala astrologers. \n\nWestern astronomers do not admit this truth.  \n\nIt was an Englishman, Charles Mathew Whish, who brought to the world the genius of Kerala mathematicians in his book \"On the Hindu Quadrature of the Circle and the infinite series of the proportion of the circumference to the diameter exhibited in the four Sastras, the Tantra Sahgraham, Yucti Bhasha, Carana Padhati and Sadratnamala\" \n\nIt is to be noted that the origin of sine and cos is India. Jya and Koti Jya were the terms used by the Indian mathematicians. The Arabs converted these terms as Jiba and Kojiba. It was wrongly translated into Latin as Sinus and Cosinus and became Sin and Cosine in English. Bhuja Jya means R Sin, Koti Jya means R Cos and Sparsha Jya means Tan x. The Indian inverse functions are Sparsha chapa for Arctan, Bhuja chapa for Arc Sine and Koti Chapa for Arc cos.  \n\nhindu zodiac,guruvayur4u,guruvayur,kerala astrology,school of kerala astronomy and mathematicshindu zodiac,guruvayur4u,guruvayur,kerala astrology,school of kerala astronomy and mathematics\n\n \n\nAryabhata's Sine Table was the first Sine Table in the History of Mathematics. The Sine Table of Madhava is similar. When a  360 degree Circle is divided by 4, we get quadrants of 90 degrees each. The Madhava Sine Table can be called the Table of R Sine Differences, as sine values are given for every 3 degree 45 minutes. There are 24 * 3.45 = 90 or 24 R Sines. These tables were used by Christopher Clavius, when he solved the mathematical problem vexing the Westerners ! The Westerners triumphed with the knowledge of Indian Maths and initiated the Gregorian Calendrical Reforms ! \n\n \n\nTan Tables were also given to mathematical students. The term Jya for 5 degrees was used first by the mathematician, Brahmagupta and we have 6 Jyas of 5 degrees each to constitute a  Zodiacal Sign. The Zodiac is made up of 72 Jyas ( 72*5 = 360 ) and a Quadrant is made up of 18 Jyas ( 18*5 = 90 ). Tan values are given for every 5 degrees but then Tan tables make the mathematical students lazy !\n\n \nSince there were no computers in hoary times, cowrie shells were used to calculate planetary positions. Paral Sankhya was used. Veda Veda means 44, as there are four Vedas ! Netra Netra means 22, as there are two eyes ! \n hindu zodiac,guruvayur4u,guruvayur,kerala astrology,school of kerala astronomy and mathematics\n\n \n\nThe genius of Puliyoor Purushotaman Namboothiri condensed the thousands of slokas of the 18 Siddhantas into 1000 odd slokas, called the Ganitha Nirnaya. It is one of the best books on Mathematical Astrology ever written. He was ably assisted by the Maths Professor, Prof Krishna Warrier.\n\nIn the Kerala system, 14 major perturbations of the Moon are highlighted and 14 trignometric corrections are done for the 14 lunar anomalies.\n\nAfter computing the Chandra Madhyamam, the mean longitude of the Moon, after 14 trignometric corrections, the longitude is called Samskrutha Chandra Madhyamam, Samskruthendu.\n\nChathur dasebhyebhyo balanyabhibhyo\nNeethva Thulasadi Vasa Dhanarnam\nKrithva tad Indor Apaneeya Thungam\nThado Mridujya phala Samskruthendu\n\nAfter the fourteen corrections trignometric, tthe longitude of Moon is derived, known as the Cultured Longitude. \n\n( Ganitha Nirnaya )\n\n\nThen the Parinathi Kriya or Parinathi Samskara, Reduction to the Ecliptic is done.\n\nAdd Sin M\nTo Cultured Longitude\nAfter the fourteen Reductions\nDeduct the Node\nThen reduce it to Ecliptic\nThen we get\nLuna's true longitude !\n \n\n  \n \n\nVikshepa Vritheeya Gatho Vipatha\nThasmannayel Jyam Parinathyabhikhyam\nYugmau pada sarvam idam Vidheyam\nSyal Kranti Vritteeya Ehaisha Chandra.\n\n( Ganitha Nirnaya )\n\n \n\nThere are 400 K verses dealing with Kerala Astrology.  About Astronomy, Maths and Astrology, Siddhanta, Samhita and Hora.\n\nBy  Govind  Kumar\n\n \n\nThe main books of KSAM\n\nParameswara's Rule by R C Dutta\nMadhava of Sangramagrama by Journal of Kerala Studies\nOn the Quadrature of the Circle  by C T Rajagopal\nMedieval Kerala Mathematics - Archive of History of Science by C T Rajagopal\nLaghu Bhaskareeya by Sankara Narayanan\nSiddhanta Darpana by Neelakanta\nSiddanta Deepika by Parameswara\nTantrasangraha by Neelakanta\nVenvaroha by Madhava\nYukthi Bhasha by Jyeshta Deva\nJyothir Meemamsa by Neelakanta\nGeometry of Sree Yantra by N C Bolton\nMayoora Shikha ( The Crest of the Peacock ) by Dr Joseph\nThe Cultural Foundtions of Mathematics by Dr C K Raju\nBharateeya Ganitha\nBharateeya Pari Sthithi\nBharateeya Rasa Tantra  - all by Dr C Krishnan Namboothiri\nBadha Deepika by Parameswara\nAryabhateeya Bhasya by Neelakanta Somayaji\nSphuta Nirnaya by Achyuta Pisharodi\nSiddhanta Darpana by Neelakanta\nGanitha Adhyaya by Bhaskara\nGanith Nirnaya by Puliyoor\nGola Deepika by Parameswara\nDrig Ganitha - By Parameswara\nGrahana Nyaya Deepika by Parameswara\nKerala School of Hindu Astronomy by Prof K V Sarma\nGeometry in Ancient and Medieval India by T A Saraswathy\n\nOn the Hindu Quadrature of the circle and the infinite series of the proportion of the circumference to the diameter exhibited in the four Sastras, the Tantra Sahgraham, Yucti Bhasha, Carana Padhati and Sadratnamala by C M Whish.\n\nThese books are based on the gems of Indian Astronomy, Astrology and Maths.\n\n \nSiddhanta \tSamhitha \tHora \nAngira Siddhanta\tBhrigu Samhita\tParasara Hora\nPaulasa Siddhanta\tSurya Samhita\tSurya Hora\nBhrigu Siddhanta\tBrahma Samhita\tManu Hora\nVasishta Siddhanta\tVyasa Samhita\tKashyapa Hora\nChyavana Siddhanta\tAtri Samhita\tNarada Hora\nVyasa Siddhanta\tPitamaha Samhita\tGarga Hora\nLomasa Siddhanta\tVasishta Samhita\tMarichi Hora\nManu Siddhanta\tChyavana Samhita\tAngira Hora\nAtri Siddanta\n\nAngira Samhita \tLomasa Hora\nParasara Siddhanta\tYavana Samhita\tPaulasa Hora\nKashyapa Siddhanta\tPaulasa Samhita\tYavana Hora\nGarga Siddhanta\tParasara Samhita\tPitamaha Hora\nNarada Siddhanta\tGarga Samhita\tVyasa Hora\nSurya Siddhanta\tKashyapa Samhita\tVasishta Hora\nMarichi Siddhanta\tLomasa Samhita\tAtri Hora\nPitamaha Siddhanta\tMarichi Samhita\tChyavana Hora\nYavana Siddhanta\tManu Samhita\tBhrigu Hora\nBrahma Siddhanta \tNarada Samhita \tBrahma Hora\n\n\nAstrologer G Kumar of  Zodiac Computers brought out a Kerala Astrology Software in 1999, using KSAM algorithms. It is considered to be one of the most accurate softwares in the world.  His  website is www.eastrovedica.com and email info@eastrovedica.com Mobile is 93885 56053. Landline 91 0487 255 2851\n\n                                                                                                                                                             Home<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
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